Which of the following maternal complications may arise from a shoulder dystocia delivery?

In the context of shoulder dystocia deliveries, a fourth-degree laceration is a severe complication that can occur. This type of laceration extends through the vaginal tissue and perineum to the anal sphincter and rectal mucosa. During a shoulder dystocia event, the excessive traction applied to deliver the baby can lead to pelvic floor trauma and more significant perineal damage. The force used to resolve the shoulder dystocia can disrupt the already stretched tissues, making fourth-degree laceration a potential risk.

Understanding this complication is crucial since it can have long-term implications for the mother's health, including chronic pain, fecal incontinence, and the need for surgical repair. Thus, the association of fourth-degree laceration with shoulder dystocia highlights the importance of careful management and intervention during such deliveries to minimize maternal injury.